The basic structure of an electric folding bicycle is composed of four main parts: a body, an electric drive device (motor), a rechargeable battery, and a charger. Different types of cars have different battery placement locations.
1. The body of the foldable electric bicycle:
According to the electric drive mode, the body of the foldable electric bicycle can be divided into three categories:
① Friction transmission type: the wheel on the motor shaft is directly loaded on the tire of the electric folding bicycle, and it is driven by friction. Its advantages are simple structure and low cost, but the tires are frequently worn out and easy to slip in rain seasons.
② Bottom-shaft drive type: a motor is specially designed at the middle axle of the frame to drive the middle axle through a reduction mechanism, and then the middle axle drives the rear wheels through a chain. The advantage is that the center of gravity of the motor is reasonable, and the gear reduction system of the electric assist folding bike can be used to shift gears, but the mechanical loss is relatively large.
③ Electric hub type: the motor is installed in the hub of the foldable bicycle wheel, which can be installed on the front wheel or the rear wheel. The hub is connected with the rim by the spokes and directly drives the wheel to rotate. The advantages are small size, light weight, low energy consumption, and relatively high efficiency, but it is difficult for the motor to dissipate heat and to lubricate the transmission gear.
2. The electric drive device (motor) of electric folding bicycle
Electric drive devices (motors) are divided into two types: brushless motors and brushed motors.
① The brushless motor is mainly a low-speed and high-torque motor without a transmission gear which avoids mechanical wear and has almost no noise during operation. However, the brushless motor has a large starting current impact and a complex control system structure. Brushless motors are now the direction of development.
②The brush motor adopts advanced technology to improve the service life of the brush, the motor efficiency is high, and the electronic circuit of the control system is simple. Brushed motors have gradually withdrawn from the market.
3. The rechargeable batteries for electric folding bicycles
There are three main types of batteries used in foldable electric bicycles, namely small sealed lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries.
4. The charger for foldable electric bicycle
Compared with several other systems, the charger of an electric bicycle is relatively simple. Generally, the charger design adopts a three-stage automatic conversion method of constant current, constant voltage and floating charge to protect the battery and effectively extend the battery life.
The controller system is designed with multiple protection functions, such as power display, stepless speed regulation, soft start, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and brake power failure. Protecting the motor and battery of the foldable electric bicycle makes the current be effectively output to generate the required power without burning the motor.
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